Volcano Name: | Toba | Smithsonian Inst ID (SI_VNUM): | 261090 |
Alternate Name: |
Dolok Batuharang Dolok Sibutan Dolok Singgalang Dolok Tandukbenua Haranggaol Nabelberg Poesoek Boekit Porsea Pusukbukit Sibandung Sipisopiso |
Volcano Type: | Caldera(s) |
Latitude: | 2.5833333330 | ||
Longitude: | 98.8333333300 | ||
Region: | Indonesia | Sub Region: | Sumatra |
Date Entered: | 02/05/2012 |
Eruption Start Date: | 75000 BP | Date Error: | 900 | |
Eruption End Date: | Dating Technique: | Ar-Ar | ||
Eruption Date Quality: | Low quality | Preferred Date: | Y | |
Bulk DRE Volume (km3): | 5300.000 (Literature) | ||
Bulk deposit volume (km3): | 13200.000 (Literature) | ||
Ignimbrite DRE Volume (km3): | 1500.000 (Literature) | ||
Ignimbrite Deposit Volume : | 2300.000 (Calculated) | ||
Magnitude : | 9.100 (Calculated) | ||
Maximum Column Height (km): | 42.000 (Literature) | ||
Maximum Intensity : | 12.880 (Column Height) | ||
Maximum VEI : | 8.000 (Literature) | ||
Minimum Column Height (km): | 50.000 (Literature) | ||
Minimum Intensity : | 12.070 (Column Height) | ||
Primary Intracaldera Material DRE Volume (km3): | 1000.000 (Literature) | ||
Primary Intracaldera Material Deposit Volume (km3): | 2300.000 (Literature) | ||
Tephra fall DRE Volume (km3): | 3800.000 (Literature) | ||
Tephra fall Deposit Volume (km3): | 8600.000 (Literature) |
Magma: | Dacite-Rhyolite | ||
Calculated Density: | |||
Rock Classification: | |||
Dacite | |||
Rhyolite |
Eruption Start Date: | 501000 BP | Date Error: | 5000 | |
Eruption End Date: | Dating Technique: | Ar-Ar | ||
Eruption Date Quality: | Medium quality | Preferred Date: | Y | |
Bulk DRE Volume (km3): | 60.000 (Literature) | ||
Bulk deposit volume (km3): | 138.000 (Calculated) | ||
Magnitude : | 7.100 (Literature) | ||
Maximum VEI : | 7.000 (Literature) | ||
Tephra fall DRE Volume (km3): | 60.000 (Literature) | ||
Tephra fall Deposit Volume (km3): | 138.000 (Calculated) |
Magma: | Rhyolite | ||
Calculated Density: | |||
Rock Classification: | |||
Rhyolite |
Eruption Start Date: | 788000 BP | Date Error: | 2200 | |
Eruption End Date: | Dating Technique: | Oxygen isotopes | ||
Eruption Date Quality: | Low quality | Preferred Date: | Y | |
Bulk DRE Volume (km3): | 2300.000 (Literature) | ||
Bulk deposit volume (km3): | 5290.000 (Calculated) | ||
Magnitude : | 8.700 (Calculated) | ||
Maximum VEI : | 8.000 (Literature) | ||
Primary Intracaldera Material DRE Volume (km3): | 500.000 (Literature) | ||
Tephra fall DRE Volume (km3): | 1800.000 (Literature) |
Magma: | Rhyolite | ||
Calculated Density: | |||
Rock Classification: | |||
Dacite | |||
Rhyolite |
Eruption Start Date: | 1200000 BP | Date Error: | 160000 | |
Eruption End Date: | Dating Technique: | ITPFT isothermal plateau fission track age | ||
Eruption Date Quality: | Medium quality | Preferred Date: | Y | |
Bulk DRE Volume (km3): | 35.000 (Literature) | ||
Bulk deposit volume (km3): | 84.000 (Calculated) | ||
Magnitude : | 6.900 (Calculated) | ||
Maximum VEI : | 6.000 (Literature) |
Magma: | Dacite | ||
Calculated Density: | |||
Rock Classification: | |||
Dacite |